Interesting article mentioning Merovingians:
https://zhemchuzhina.yolasite.com/resources/Pearl_73_for_Web/P-73 body pages 18 -22.pdf
Похороны "норманнской теории", или Потомки Меровингов
Funeral of the "Norman Theory" or... The Descendants of the Merovingians
Norman theory specifies that Slavs before coming Rurik to Russia were backward tribes, in all senses of the word, not capable of self-organization. The so-called "scholarly Normanists", in their arguments refer to some ancient chronicles, one of which is Radzivill Chronicle.
Allegedly it says that uncivilized Slavs, calling the great Norman to Russia, said:
"Rurik, come to us and own us. Because the Russian land is great and plentiful, but there's no order in it..."
... At that the Slavs fall on their knees and certainly shed tears. And this theory is presented with such persistence that many Russian people
start to believe in it. However, if one carefully reads the original of the ancient manuscript and understands the essence of some ancient words, then the meaning of what is written is not at all what they present to us.
Moreover, the majority of researchers of the Russian antiquity about the Normanists had a conviction that within two centuries, these people, calling themselves scientists, in general did NOT READ THE CHRONICLES' ORIGINAL TEXT , and used later, rewritten and corrected copies, or just repeated the words of their teachers. So what does the Radzivill Chronicle tell us about? Let's read the same passage from the original, which is constantly referred to by all Russophobes.
This is told in the Radzivill Chronicle:
"Our land is great and plentiful, but there is no NARYAD in it. Let you go
by us (not just "us" - auth.) to reign and rule...
And cut down the city of Ladoga... From those "vyaryags" (they traded salt - auth.) the Russ land was called (by the name of Prus-Russ - auth.). Novgorod is solyued [
something to do with salt]. Novgorodians (on the Volkhov - auth.) were named after a vArensk [
related to boiling] kin".
A naryad in Russia was a small squad guarding one of the borders the state. In the modern view, this will be a border guard.
Until now, the concept of going into a naryad has been preserved in the army. That is, a small group to carry out some official business or to take over the protection of an object. Normanists did not serve in the army, so they do not know anything about it.
From the chronicle it follows that in order to serve as a commander of a border detachment, it was ordered to arrive to the Russian knyaz' Rurik - a descendant of Prus, Tsar of the Second Rome. Therefore, he settled not in the capital of a huge state, but on its outskirts - in a new city Ladoga. The Varangians themselves called themselves Varyags, since they were associated with boiling salt, and with it's protection during transportation. And since the etymology of the words VARYAG and VARNA is Russian, then the Varangians themselves are one of the Russian, Slavic tribes. Rus - in Old Slavonic means bright place. And the word PRUS is a Russian name or the name of a person from a certain place on the border of Russia: that is, PoRussia or P'Russia...
In modern Russian, there are names like this: Pomors, Pogranychie, Povolzhie, Polesie. Or words with an abbreviated prefix по: Proseka, Prazdnik, Pravda, PRAV' ...It is not surprising that in modern Prussia, there are a lot of genetic Slavic roots and archaeological artifacts, because this is one of the parts of ancient Russia. The situation is similar in German Pomerania, that is, Pomorie, and in Scandinavia.
Again, the author of the Chronicle indicated that Rurik would reign and own
'BY US', NOT JUST 'US'
When they hire you, they say, "You're going to clean OUR yard". That does not mean that the person hired will be the boss for his employers [
I won't translate the wordplay, but you get the idea]. Further, there is no mention in the text of the annals that the three brothers came "from the Nemets", "from the Nemets land" [
Nemets meaning German/mute]. This will be added much later, in the annals of the eighteenth century.
Now there is no doubt that the Varangian Slavs, the descendants of the fair-haired [
rusyh, rusyi means fair-haired] Aryans, of the Arenian clans, under the descendants of the Roman kings, also sailed to the shores of America.
At the time of Rurik's calling, the coast of the Baltic Sea was Slavic. It was not until the 16th century that noble families began to move to Russia from there, - "from the German land", "from the Prussians" under the Germanic aggression.
In fact, both the Ipatiev and Laurentian Chronicles are only copies of the RL, made in the 18th century with corrections, distorting the image of Russia's past.
(Dictionary of the Russian language of the XI-XVII centuries. - Moscow, Nauka, 1975. - P. 548).
Thus, the "Norman theory" is burst like a soap bubble. As mentioned above, the reason for its emergence is associated with either a misreading of the text of the original source, or with a deliberate desire to distort everything Russian.
In many ways, the cause of the NT is a misreading of the source text. I repeat, for 2 centuries, Russian scholars did NOT READ THE TEXT ON THIS LIST (Ill. 1).
Russians in the Middle Ages were called Normans (See: V.I. Karpets. "Rus' Miroveeva". - M .: OLMA-PRESS, 2005. - P.24). It was these Normans, the descendants of the fair-haired Aryans, who sailed to America. Rurik was the grandson of the Obdorite king Vitislav. At Annales regni Francorum it is mentioned that in 789 Charles made an expedition to protect the Mecklenburg Obdorites from the Slavic tribe of the Wilts. The Franks built two bridges over the Elbe, crossed the river and with the support of the allies (the Saxons, the Obdorites themselves and the Lusatian Serbs) inflicted a terrible blow to Wilts. According to the annals, they fought hard, but they could not resist the enormous forces of the allies. Karl drove the Wilts to the Pena River, destroying everything in his path. Their capital surrendered, and knyaz' Dragovit submitted and gave hostages. As an ally of Charlemagne the King of the Obdorites Vitsin (Vitislav) is mentioned. Protecting him and his land, Charlemagne decided to go on a campaign against the Wilts.
The Obdorite lands are extremely small in comparison with the lands of the vast empire, which was led by Charlemagne. How the ruler of several settlements could be an ally of the ruler throughout Western Europe? Who could this ally be, if not a relative? Charlemagne was related to the Merovingians: his great-grandmother was Bertrada - the daughter of King Theodoric III (See V. I. Karpets. Rus Miroveyev). Undoubtedly, Vitislav was one of the Merovingians. He was not a descendant of the Vandal kings, etc., in which case, he would not be related with Charlemagne. It turns out that the name RURIK was worn by the Roman generals. There were several, but we will consider two.
1. Almost a hundred years before the fall of Roman rule in the Apennines, Ruric or Ruricius is mentioned, ruler of the African Roman province of Tripolis. This is the territory of present Libya. In the second half of the 4th century, he was executed on false charges in the city Citifis.
2. Early 4th century. It is about the capture of the Apennines by the future Constantine the Great. One of the warlords who then tried to fight back against Constantine was a certain Ruricius, also known as Ruricius Pompeianus, prefect of Verona, loyal to Maxentius - enemy of the Christians. This Ruric led the defense of Verona and died in a bloody battle with the armies of the Christian king in August 312.
The Obdorite lands were the outskirts of the Roman-Frankish world, so the name Rurik could come to Obdorites from the Frankish kings. One of the Obdorite kings crowned himself in the presence of Charlemagne. Why couldn't this Obdorite king be of the Carolingian lineage? The fact is that the Carolingians are not Slavs. Obdorites could summon to rule ONLY a SLAV - a knyaz' for whom the Slavic language would be native... It is known that they were at enmity with non-Slavic neighbors who wanted to turn them into slaves. And why was it a descendant of Frankish kings who was crowned, and not an ordinary Obdorite? Tradition in the Middle ages was such that the descendants of the non-monarchs did NOT get crowned. They became either elders or warlords! Gostomysl, for example, was an elder. It would not have occurred to him to lay a crown on his head, because no one wants to be ridiculed at an old age. Perhaps some Frankish Rurik from the Merovingian clan was the husband of an Obdorite princess - mother, grandmother, great-grandmother or great-great-grandmother of the Obdorite king, who, according to this reason could be called Rurik.
There are two Byzantine sources claiming that the Russians are, in fact, subjects of the Frankish emperors. According to the medieval international classification, peoples adopted the nationality (!) of their rulers. So, for example, in the "Biography of tsars" under the authorship of the Theophanes the Continuer, it is reported: "The eleventh of June of the fourteenth indict (941) on ten thousand ships the Ros sailed to Constantinople, they are also called Dromites, but they occur from the tribe of the Franks". But the Frankish rulers are the Merovingians! When the Carolingians came to power, there was almost no Franks in Western Europe. The warlords of the Rosians were relatives of Rurik, so it should be confidently said: Rurik is a descendant of the Merovingians.
The idea of the Romeans about the Rus as Franks dates back to a long and close alliance between the Obdorite Rus and the Frankish emperors (or their descendants). The Frankish crowned heads for a long time kept in touch with Romean emperors - their relatives, and in
Rome on the Bosphorus it was known perfectly well in which of the monarchs of Europe, the blood of the Kings of Rome flows.
In Western Europe, they preferred to call Merovingians "Vandal kings". It was safer this way, since the Merovingians were Orthodox emperors, and in Western Europe the Latin heresy reigned. In the 16th century Lutheranism spread in the northern Germany. Nobody wanted to hear about Orthodox Merovingians!...
The only objective information about the Merovingians, the orthodox rulers of the Franks, was left to us by Empress Catherine the Great.
Catherine the Great corresponded with F. Grimm. Grimm was a German scholar, writer, and diplomat who lived in France. He was well known at the courts of Europe, and with his help, Catherine was able to learn about what was going on in European intellectual circles. Following Grimm's recommendations, she bought books and works of art, and also commissioned the architects he found.
Catherine the Great asserted in one of her letters to Grimm: "I have collected a great deal of information about the ancient Slavs and will soon be able to prove that they gave names to most rivers, mountains, valleys, districts and regions in France, Spain, Scotland and other places" (Letter of 9.09. 1784). And a week later She wrote to him, "I tell you this alone, because it is insufficiently researched: the fact is that the Salicans of Salic law, the Frankish kings Hilderic I, Claudwig, and the whole Merovingian kin were Slavs, as were the Vandal kings of Spain. Their names as well as their actions give them away. Marvel no more that French kings take an oath on the Slavic Gospel at their coronation in Reims" (referring to the famous Gospel of Reims). (Letter of 14.09.1784). For example, the name. Ludwig, according to Her interpretation, consisted of two Slavic roots: "lud" from "people," and "dvig" from "to move": "This name, as it were, means to govern men, to set them in motion". Hilderick I was dethroned because he wanted the Gauls, who had received the Latin alphabet from the Romans, to add to it three Slavic letters, namely Ч, Ш, Щ. She knew very well, that war had been and was still being waged against the Slavs:
"Do not show these notes to Baillieu or Buffon, it is not for them, although they were the first to point out the existence of a people they may not have intended to discover". (Letter to Grimm 24.12.1788 / Letters of Catherine II to Grimm. - SPb., TIAN, 1878. - 478 с.).
Franks came to the territory of modern France from Pannonia (Gregory of Tours. History of the Franks; transl. V.D. Savukova. - Moscow: Nauka, 1987. - С. 39). Thus we see that the Franks came to Western Europe from the Western Slavic lands. That is they came, in fact, from Moravia. "Mur" is a STONE, a TEMPLE. The closest word to it is ZA
MUROVAT'. That is why their dynasty came to be called the Merovingians. The ancestor of the Merovingians was Markomir according to the Liber Historiae Francorum. His father was the Pontic King Paris. You guess after whom the capital of France was named? When Knyazhna Olga and her son Svyatoslav arrived at the palace to the emperor, they bowed to no one, it was bowed down to Them. There was no violation of court ceremonial: They were descendants of the Kings of Rome.
It is possible to read about it in the Stepennaya Book as well [PSRL. XXI. Part I - Book Stepennaya. Of tsar genealogy // Full Collection of Russian annals. Т. 21. Ч. 1. SPb: Edition. SPb: Publication of the Imperial Archaeographical Commission, 1908. - С. 7]:
The same is said in the Tale of the Vladimir Knyazs: "At that time a warlord of Novgorod by the name of Gostomysl, while dying, summoned all the rulers of Novgorod, and said to them: "
O men of Novgorod! I give you advice: send to the Prussian land a wise man and invite the noble families there to govern for you". They went to the land of Prussia and found a certain knyaz named Rurik of the family of the Roman emperor Augustus. Envoys from the Novgorodians asked to go to them to reign. Knyaz Rurik came to Novgorod with two brothers, one was Sineus and the other was Truvor. The third was his nephew, named Oleg. And from that time the Novgorod was called Great, and great knyaz' Rurik was the first to reign in it in the year 6375".
And here is what it says in the book Russian chronicle from the Voskresensk copy presented to the of the Resurrection Monastery presented by Patriarch Nikon in 1658 - St. Petersburg: at the Imperial Academy of Sciences. Academy of Sciences, 1793-1794. This is essentially the same Tale of Bygone Years, only in another copy. I remind you that the originals do not and did not exist in principle.
The Polish Professor Urbanczyk states:
"From the very beginning, in our research in Iceland, a Slavic trace was discovered. We discovered already the third Slavic dwelling in this region - a square half-dugout. Such dwellings like this in the ninth or tenth century were common in the areas along the Elbe, Oder, and Vistula, and also in Rus. They have no analogy with Scandinavian buildings. Exactly the same Slavic dwellings, different from those of the Scandinavians, I found earlier in Norway".
- It was the Rus who discovered America, not the Scandinavians.
Here are some quotes from a Polish article on Slavic piracy in Baltic: (Mariusz Zulawnik, PIRACTWO SLOWIANSKIE NA BALTYKU DO 1184 ROKU, 1999 TEKA HISTORYKA, 1999.- zeszyt 16. -S.5-18.): “Pirates organized expeditions for the capture of prey or slaves. The rich were valuable prey, for them these sea robbers could get a large ransom. The rest of the prisoners were sold at auction. A large number of prisoners after each expedition led to the fact that the prices for slaves in the Slavic markets declined sharply. Things were different, for example, in Denmark, where prices skyrocketed immediately. The reason for this was the shortage of slaves after the Slavic attacks. The prisoners captured in clashes with the Poles were sold either to Denmark or to Ruyan, and prisoners from the North (Danes) - mainly to the West and South of Europe. The more valuable slaves, such as the rich, were treated better than others who were used for heavy work, among others, such as shipbuilding. They were often mocked. In Titmar we can read how we dealt with some of the hostages: “their anger passed on to the rest of the corsairs. In the morning they cut off the nose, ears and hands of the priest (Latin - auth.) (...) and the rest of the hostages; then they threw them overboard into the bay ..." "The Saga of Hakone the Good" reports on the attacks of the Vikings-Wends on the Scandinavian lands (together with the Danes). We quote: “Then Hakon the king sailed to the east along the banks of the Scania and ravaged the country, took ransoms and taxes and killed VIKINGS, where he only found them, both Danes and VENDS (RUS)" (swinow).
The vast majority of the Romean kings and the monarchs of Europe in the early Middle Ages were Slavs.
At the Merovingian court, the Greek, and not the Latin, liturgy was served, and the spiritual care was carried out by the Irish monasteries, whose charter was precisely Eastern Orthodox, and not Latin. The English medievalist J.-M. Wallace-Hadrill pays special attention to this in his book "The Long-Haired Kings". He also points out that the language of the court was somehow special, incomprehensible to both the Romans and the Gauls. Which one - he does not say (it would be too dangerous for the career of an Oxford professor!). Well, we will remember the remark of Egor Klassen. Let us also recall that when visiting France, Peter I was shown Reims Gospel (destroyed during the 1789 revolution) read at the coronation of ancient monarchs, whose language no one understood. The language turned out to be ... Slavic (See: V.I. Karpets. Rus Miroveeva. - M .: OLMA-PRESS, 2005 .-- S. 321. See: E. Klassen. The oldest history of the Slavs and Slavic-Russ. - M., 1854).
The Balkan Peninsula was colonized by the Slavs. This explains the predominance on the throne of Rome of the Basileus'-Slavs. German scientist J. F. Fallmerayer (1790-1861), following Roman Emperor Constantine Porphyrogenitus, considered Romea "completely glorified" (See: Pichet V.I., Shuster U. A. Slavic studies in the USSR for 25 years // Twenty-five years historical science in the USSR / Ed. Volgin V.P. - M. - L .: Institute of the Academy of Sciences of the USSR, 1942. - P. 232.). Fallmerayer also claimed that the Hellenes were completely destroyed by the Slavs. By virtue of his insistence on the Slavic origin of the present Greeks, Fallmerayer for some reason was considered a Slavophile in Greece (Veloudis, "Fallmerayer", 65; Curta, "Dark-age Greece ”, 114).
Evgeny Koparev
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